Summary: Because respiration is part of the well-coordinated proces necessary for phonation.

Summary: Because respiration is part of the well-coordinated proces necessary for phonation, this reflection was conducted with the intention of analyzing the effect of chronic hemodialysis forward voice characteristics of patients with chronic renal failure. A total of 57 patients were recruited for the cogitation including 31 males and 26 females ranging in age from 16 to 85 years. Patients underwent evaluation of their voice directly before and after hemodialysis using the Kay Elemetric VISI Pitch (Model 330; Kay Elemetric Corporation, Lincoln Park, of recent origin Jersey). The vocal acoustic parameters

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